![]() The reflection coefficient of a semipermeable membrane describes how well solutes permeate the membrane. The osmolality of a solution describes how many particles are dissolved in the solution. Its measured osmolality can describe the osmotic pressure of a solution. It is also true that, at a specific moment in time, water molecules can move towards either the higher or lower concentration solutions, but the net movement of water will be towards the higher solute concentration. The compartment with the highest solute and lowest water concentration has the greatest osmotic pressure. Osmotic pressure can be calculated with the van 't Hoff equation, which states that osmotic pressure depends on the number of solute particles, temperature, and how well a solute particle can move across a membrane. ![]() Osmosis can still occur with some permeability of solute particles, but the osmotic effect becomes reduced with greater solute permeability across the semipermeable membrane. It is important to emphasize that ideal osmosis requires only the movement of pure water across the membrane without any movement of solute particles across the semipermeable membrane. Across this membrane, water will tend to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. In physiology, osmosis (Greek for push) is the net movement of water across a semipermeable membrane.
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